Complex question Mike.
The Potsdam Conference of August 1945 specified that both Germany and Japan would be required to pay war reparations. Given the economic and social disruptions in Japan and Germany following the end of the war, the reparations were at first an immense burden. Japan made its last payment in 1976. Germany continues to make voluntary payments to holocaust victims.
In fact, the US funnelled millions and millions of dollars into Germany after the war to rebuild the portions occupied by the British, French and the US. The US offered to extend the same money to the portions occupied by the Soviets, but Stalin refused.
The Soviet Union's
enemies — Hungary, Finland and Romania—were required to pay $300,000,000 each to the Soviet Union. Italy was required to pay $360,000,000, shared chiefly between Greece, Yugoslavia, and the Soviet Union. The much larger reparations from occupied Germany to Russia were to be paid not by goods or money but by the transfer of capital goods, such as dismantled manufacturing plants. A separate Reparations to the western victors consisted mainly of free coal deliveries as well as of machinery and dismantled factories, of which the majority went to France, with some going to Britain. Germany and Italy also paid in the form of POW-provided forced labor; 100,000 in Britain and 700,000 in France. The U.S settled for appropriating German patents as well as all German company assets in the U.S. The "intellectual reparations", such as patents and blueprints, taken by the U.S. and the UK amounted to close to $10 billion, equivalent of around $100 billion in 2006 terms. The program of also acquiring German scientists and technicians for the U.S. was also used to deny the expertise of German scientists to the Soviet Union.
The U.S. eventually stopped the shipment of dismantled factories from the U.S. zone of occupation east because of increasing friction with Russia, part of which was caused by Russian refusal to provide the western occupation zones with surplus food from the eastern occupation zone which had been the breadbasket of Germany. Western Allied dismantling of industry in the Saar area and Ruhr area was virtually completed by 1950.
Both Greece and Iran still state they have claims against Germany and you see stories about art confiscated from Jewish familes all the time. Quite a lot has never been returned. Austria in particular considers such stolen art work as 'national treasures'.
Israel has had separate negotiations with Germany regarding slave labour and Holocaust survivor resettlement.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reparations_Agreement_between_Israel_and_West_GermanyJapan is even more complex involving claims made by China, Korea (including thousands of now very old women used a sex slaves in the war) and prisoners.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/06/28/unfinished_business
